The US 1909 Half Eagle $5 coin, part of the Indian Head series, was minted during a period of economic growth and political change under President Theodore Roosevelt. The coins design, featuring a Native American chief on the obverse and a standing eagle on the reverse, symbolized national strength and unity. Made of 90% gold and 10% copper, the 1909 Half Eagle $5 coin reflected the nations reliance on gold for currency production. The economic context of the time influenced the coins composition and design, aiming to instill confidence in the American dollar.
The 1909 Half Eagle $5 coin was minted in large quantities, with over 600,000 produced at the Philadelphia Mint. Despite its high mintage, certain varieties, such as those with full feathers on the eagles reverse, are considered rare and valuable among collectors. The coins metal composition and design choices were influenced by the economic and political climate of the early 20th century, reflecting a period of growth and change in the United States.